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THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND PANDEMIC RESPONSE: THE CASE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC : TỔ CHỨC Y TẾ THẾ GIỚI VÀ PHẢN ỨNG TRƯỚC DỊCH BỆNH: MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU CỤ THỂ VỀ ĐẠI DỊCH COVID-19 / TRƯƠNG PHỤNG MINH; Nguyễn Thị Anh Thư Huế, 202352tr. ; 28cm.Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học HuếThe Covid-19 pandemic is an epidemic affecting the respiratory system from a new strain of Corona virus that has spread across the globe since December 2019. During this pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has made various efforts, from providing equipment, technical support and medicine, to issuing reliable specialist information and calling for international cooperation. Despite these efforts, the WHO failed to develop a globally coordinated response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The existing literature on the WHO’s failure in responding effectively to previous pandemics suggests three main explanations in terms of naming scheme, performance of staff, and lack of pandemic guidance. Nonetheless, such explanations have empirical problems when it comes to the case of the Covid-19 pandemic. This thesis provides theoretical explanations on why the WHO failed to develop a globally coordinated response to the Covid-19 pandemic by looking at their responses from three traditional approaches of International Relations (Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism). Looking from the realist perspectives, the thesis argues that the WHO’s failure in developing a coordinated response to the Covid-19 pandemic was due to its soft approach to the Chinese government and weak actions in preventing responsibility-shifting and unequally vaccine distribution. From a liberal approach, the thesis argues that the WHO’s effort in distributing vaccines was creating more dependence on vaccine supply, leading to inequity in vaccine distribution. From a constructivist lens, the thesis shows that the ineffective statements by the WHO on mask wearing prevented them from setting good standards of behavior among the public. The findings of the thesis contribute to the literature on the WHO’s pandemic response, especially offering theoretical explanations for the WHO’s failures in developing a globally coordinated response to the Covid-19 pandemic and pointing out the lessons learnt for the WHO in developing a more effective response to future pandemics.
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